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Vth World Parks Congress
September 2003 • Durban, South Africa
___________________

Papers and Presentations
for
Sustainable Finance Stream:
Building a Secure Financial Future

The Final Report of the Sustainable Finance Stream is now available:
Building a Secure Financial Future: Finance & Resources

Summary

The Sustainable Finance Stream provided important input to the Vth World Parks Congress by raising awareness about the value of biodiversity in financial and socio-economic terms and by exploring how best that value can be translated into both revenue and broader support for biodiversity conservation. The value of benefits provided by protected areas throughout the world far exceed the costs required to manage and protect them. Those benefits accrue to local and indigenous communities, to national economies, and to the entire world.  The results of the various workshops are embodied in the official recommendations on financial security for PAs and private sector funding, submitted to the Vth World Parks Congress. They stress the necessity of diversifying and stabilizing the financial flows to protected areas and biodiversity conservation through appropriate incentives and implementation of diverse portfolios of finance mechanisms. Furthermore, innovative partnerships with the private sector should be fostered for the benefit of conservation and of local communities.

Table of Contents

Thursday, September 11, 2003
Session 1: Overview
       Panel A: Estimating the Costs
       Panel B: Policy and Management Approaches
Session 2: Institutional Arrangements for Financing of Protected Areas 
       Opening Plenary
       Panel A:
Government Structures for Financing Protected Area Systems
       Panel B: Donor Support for Protected Area Sites
       Panel C: Private Investments to Support Protected Areas

Friday, September 12, 2003
Session 3: Applications: Learning from Concrete Successes of Sustainably Financing Protected
   Areas
      Workshop 1: Building a Complex Portfolio to Sustainably Finance Marine Protected Area Networks
      Workshop 2: Trust and Endowment Funds
      Workshop 3: World Heritage Status Appeal to Donors: A Tool to Strengthen Sustainable Financing
        Mechanisms
      Workshop 4: Role of Communities in Sustainable Financing of PAs
      Workshop 5: Marketing the Ecosystem Services of your Park
      Workshop 6: Tourism-based Revenue Generation
      Workshop 7: Role of Private Sector Partnerships in Supporting Protected Areas
      Workshop 8: Forging Effective Partnerships with Oil and Gas Companies for Protected Area
         Conservation
      Workshop 9: Conservation Incentive Agreements
      Workshop 10:
Sustaining Equitable Funding for the Involvement of Indigenous and Local
         Communities
in Protected Area Management

      Workshop 11: Debt Relief and Conservation Finance
      Workshop 12: Financial Issues and Tourism

Saturday, September 13, 2003 
Session 4A: Conservation Finance Tools and Capacity Building
Session 4B: Regional Case Studies

Sunday, September 14, 2003
Economic Valuation
Business Planning
 


Thursday, September 11, 2003

Session 1: Overview: Introduction to the Sustainable Finance Stream and the policy context for protected area financing.

Session Chair: Carlos E. Quintela, Wildlife Conservation Society, Conservation Finance
                        Program, USA

S.1 Panel A: Estimating the Costs

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Andrew Balmford
Conservation Biology Group
Cambridge University (UK)

The global costs and benefits of conserving wild nature

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation

John Hanks
Transfrontier Conservation Unit
Conservation International (South Africa)

Financing Africa’s protected areas

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

Gonzalo Castro
Global Environmental Facility (USA)

Conservation Finance: The long road to sustainability

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 1 Panel B: Policy and Management Approaches

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Tom Kiernan
National Parks Conservation Association (USA)

Business plans for protected areas: How and why they work

Powerpoint Presentation 

Philip Bagnoli
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (France)

Distributive issues relating to parks:
Overview of economic issues and selected case studies

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Robert Wolcott
World Resources Institute (USA)

Perverse subsidies and the implications for biodiversity

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

Session 2: Institutional Arrangements for the Financing of Protected Areas    

S. 2 Opening Plenary

Session Chair: Richard Leakey, Eden Wildlife Trust, Kenya

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Elizabeth Estill
U.S. Forest Service (USA)

 Protected Areas: funding and partnerships

Paper

Walter Lusigi
Global Environmental Facility (GEF)

The African Protected Areas Initiative (APAI): Enhancing support for protected areas

Paper

Renee Gonzalez Montagut
Mexican Nature Conservation Fund (Mexico)

Private-public collaboration in funding protected areas in Mexico

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 2 Panel A:  Government Structures for Financing Protected Area Systems

Session Chair: Murphy Morobe, South Africa National Parks, South Africa

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Effendy Sumardja
Ministry of Environment (Indonesia)

Public sector support and management of protected areas in Indonesia

Paper 
 

Cecilia Ferraz Foloni and Julio Gonchorosky
IBAMA (Brazil)

Institutional solutions for the financing of protected areas in Brazil

Paper 

Matthias Bechtolsheim
KfW (Germany)

Towards an enabling environment

Paper

up to Table of Contents

S. 2 Panel B: Donor Support for Protected Area Sites

Session Chair: Marianne Guerin-McManus, Conservation International, USA

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Mario Ramos
Global Environment Facility (USA)

 

Alberto Paniagua
PROFONANPE and RedLAC (Peru)

Sustainable financing for Protected Areas: New approaches beyond project boundaries

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Melinda Kimble
United Nations Foundation (USA)

Donor support for protected areas

Paper 

Ton van der Zon
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)
Donor support for PAs: Perspectives of a bilateral donor

Paper

up to Table of Contents

S. 2 Panel C: Private Investments to Support Protected Areas

Session Chair: Pedro Leitão, FUNBIO, Brazil

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Colin Bell
Wilderness Safaris (South Africa)

Making conservation pay

          Powerpoint Presentation
 

Daulos Mauambeta
Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi

Private investments to support protected areas: Experiences from Malawi

Paper 

Leigh A. Talmage-Perez
Asian Conservation Company (Philippines)

Asian Conservation Company and Ten Knots Group: Private business in El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area, Philippines

Paper 

Kristalina Georgieva
World Bank (USA)

Paying for the Environmental Services of Protected Areas: Involving the Private Sector

            Paper
 

up to Table of Contents

Friday, September 12, 2003

Session 3: Applications: Learning from Concrete Successes of Sustainably Financing Protected Areas

Opening Remarks by Delfin Ganapin, Global Manager GEF Small Grants Programme

S.3 Workshop 1: Building a Complex Portfolio to Sustainably Finance Marine Protected Area
      Networks
 

Workshop Chair: Scott Smith, The Nature Conservancy (USA)                    

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Scott Smith
The Nature Conservancy (USA)
Building diversified sustainable finance portfolios for MPA networks

Powerpoint Presentation

Renee Gonzalez Montagut
Mexican Nature Conservation Fund (Mexico)

Developing a diversified portfolio to finance marine protected areas in Mexico

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Sibylle Riedmiller
Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CHICOP) (Tanzania)

Private sector investment in Marine Protected Areas -Experiences of the Chumbe Island Coral Park in Zanzibar/Tanzania

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Mark Erdmann
USAID’s Natural Resources Management Program (Indonesia)

Developing a diversified portfolio of sustainable financing options for Bunaken National Marine Park

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Andreas Merkl
Conservation and Community Investment Forum (USA)
A new approach to financing protected areas

Paper

Rili Djohani
The Nature Conservancy (Southeast Asia)
Long-term financing plan: Komodo National park

Powerpoint Presentation

 

Lucy Emerton
IUCN-The World Conservation Union (Sri Lanka)
Covering the economic costs of Marine Protected Areas: extending the concept of financial diversity and sustainability

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Kalli De Meyer
Coral Reef Alliance
(Bonaire, Netherland Antilles)
Building diverse funding portfolios for marine protected areas

Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 2: Trust and Endowment Funds

Workshop Chair: Delfin Ganapin, UNDP/GEF Small Grants Program (USA)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Tobgay S. Namgyal
Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation (Bhutan)

Sustaining conservation finance in Bhutan: The experience of the Bhutan Trust Fund

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

Geo Dutki
Mgahinga and Bwindi Impenetrable Forest Conservation Trust Fund (Uganda)

Mgahinga and Bwindi Impenetrable Forest Conservation Trust Fund (MBIFCT), Uganda

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Valerie Woods
Protected Areas Conservation Trust (Belize)

Financing of conservation in Belize: The experience of Protected Areas Conservation Trust (PACT)  

Powerpoint Presentation

Peter Prokosch and Uwe Klug
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) (Germany)

Establishing environmental funds for protected areas in Francophone Africa: The experience of the Sangha Tri-National Initiative and proposed Madagascar Foundation for Protected Areas and Biodiversity

Paper
Paper in French
Powerpoint Presentation

Pedro Leitão
FUNBIO – Brazilian Biodiversity Fund (Brazil)

Fundo Brasileiro para a biodiversidade (FUNBIO): Brazilian Biodiversity Fund

Powerpoint Presentation 

up to Table of Contents 

S. 3 Workshop 3:  World Heritage Status Appeal to Donors: A Tool to Strengthen Sustainable Financing Mechanisms

Workshop Chair: Andrew Bovarnick, UNDP (USA)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Martin Hollands
Fauna and Flora International (UK)

Securing sustainable financing for World Heritage Sites

Paper

Javier Coruera
Fundacion Vida Silvestre (Argentina)

Using World Heritage Status to maximize effectiveness of sustainable financing strategies in Argentina

Paper 

Seema Paul
United Nations Foundation (USA)

The appeal of World Heritage Designation to funding agencies: Case of the UN Foundation

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 4: Role of Communities in Sustainable Financing of PAs

Workshop Chair: Charles McNeill, UNDP (USA)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Wil Maheia
Toledo Institute for Development and Environment (TIDE) (Belize)

Participatory co-management of natural resources and development of community monitoring

Ratu Pio Radikedike
Fiji Locally Managed Marine Area Network (Fiji)

Trust Fund as a sustainable financing mechanism for protected areas: A case study of Veratavou project and the FLMMA Network in Fiji

Powerpoint Presentation 

Misael Recinos
Mosquitia Pawisa Agency for the Development of the Honduras Mosquitia (MOPAWI) (Honduras)

Ecoturismo comunitario como alternativa económica de la Reserva del Hombre y la Biosfera del Rio Plátano, Honduras

Powerpoint Presentation 

America Rodrigues
Management and Conservation Organization (OMYC)/Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) (Guatemala)

How to harness local resources to make communities sustainable

Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 5: Marketing the Ecosystems Services of your Park

Workshop Chair: Joshua Bishop, IUCN (Switzerland)

Presenter Title of Paper/Presentation

Joshua Bishop
IUCN (Switzerland)
 

Introduction to ecosystem services

Powerpoint Presentation 

Randall Kramer
Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University (USA)
 

Ecosystem benefits and protected areas: An economic perspective

Powerpoint Presentation

Jan Fehse
EcoSecurities (Brazil)

 

Selling carbon offsets from forestry projects

Powerpoint Presentation

Stefano Pagiola
Environment Department, The World Bank (USA)

 

Payments for watershed protection services of protected areas: Theory and practice

Powerpoint Presentation

Fernando César Veiga Neto
UFRRJ (Brazil)

 

Using fiscal instruments to encourage conservation: municipal responses to the 'Ecological' Value-added tax in Parana and Minas Gerais, Brazil *

Paper* Paper is a chapter from the book: PAGIOLA, Stefano; BISHOP, Joshua, and LANDELLI-MILLS, Natasha (eds.) (2002). "Selling forest environmental services: market-based mechanisms for conservation and development." Earthscan Publications, Ltd. London. 

Powerpoint Presentation 

Sara Scherr and Augusta Molnar
Forest Trends (USA)

 

Who conserves the world's forests? Community-driven strategies to protect forests and respect rights

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 6: Tourism-based Revenue Generation

Workshop Chair: Peter Fearnhead, South Africa National Parks

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Andy Drumm
The Nature Conservancy (USA)

Valuing ecotourism as an ecosystem service 

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

Juan Rene Alcoba
Bolivian Protected Area Park System (SERNAP)

El sistema de cobros por ingreso de visitantes en la Reserva Nacional de Fauna Andina Eduardo Avaroa, Bolivia (Tourism entrance fees in the Fauna Andina Eduardo Avaroa National Reserve)

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Peter Fearnhead
Commercial Development, South Africa National Parks

Tourism concessions: public-private partnerships for commercially sustainable conservation in South African National Parks

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Kreg Lindberg
Colorado State University (USA)

Tourism-based revenue generation: Information (Research) tools

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation

Gabriela Anaya R.
Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, México

Instrumentos de financiamiento en el area de protección de flora y fauna Islas del Golfo de California, México (Financing instruments in the Flora and Fauna Protection Area, Islas del Golfo, Baja California, Mexico)

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents 

S. 3 Workshop 7:  Role of Private Sector Partnerships in Supporting Protected Areas

Workshop Chair: Steve Raney, South Africa National Parks (South Africa)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Philip Voorhees
National Parks Conservation Association (USA)

Hallmarks of successful partnerships: Lessons learned from the National Parks Business Plan Initiative

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Patricia Moles-Rivero
Terra Capital Fund (Brazil)

Venture capital as a financing tool for conservation finance: Lessons learned

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Bruce Fears
Delaware North Park Services (USA)

Living the vision: On Partnerships

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Brian O’Neill
Golden Gate National Recreation Area (USA)

Successful partnerships: Golden Gate National Recreation Area

Sibylle Riedmiller
Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd.
(CHICOP, Tanzania)
 

How can the private sector benefit from investing in marine conservation? Some experiences of the Chumbe Project in Zanzibar/Tanzania (paper 1)

Private sector investment in marine conservation: What can make it happen? (paper 2)

Paper 1 
Paper 2 
Powerpoint Presentation

 up to Table of Contents 

S. 3 Workshop 8:  Forging Effective Partnerships with Oil and Gas Companies for Protected Area Conservation

Workshop Chair: John Robinson, Wildlife Conservation Society (USA)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Paulette Bisseck
FEDEC (Cameroon)

FEDEC : An environmental compensatory mechanism set up within the framework of a pipeline construction project, Cameroon

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Mike Seymour
(Shell Oil Company)

Partnerships to support sustainable development and conservation: West-East Pipeline Project, China

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Martin Hollands
Fauna and Flora International (UK)

Forging effective partnerships with oil and gas companies for effective protected area management: looking for the limits of responsibility

Powerpoint Presentation

Hermes Justiniano
FCBC (Bolivia)

The Chiquitano Forest Conservation and Sustainable Development Plan

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

Laine Powell
Duke Energy (South America)

Partnerships – a learning experience: Pipeline construction in environmentally sensitive areas

Powerpoint Presentation

Andrea Athanas
IUCN (Switzerland) 

Going for broke

Powerpoint Presentation 

Samuel Sangueza
FAN (Ecuador)
Fondo Ecológico Fiduciario

Powerpoint Presentation

 up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 9: Conservation Incentive Agreements

Workshop Chair: Agi Kiss, World Bank (USA)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Richard Rice
Conservation International (USA)

Conservation Incentive Agreements: A direct approach to ecosystem protection in the tropics

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

Joanna Durbin
Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust (Madagascar)

Conservation Contracts: Direct incentives to communities for biodiversity conservation in Madagascar

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation 

Helen Gichohi
Africa Wildlife Federation (Kenya)

Direct payments as a mechanism for ecosystem level conservation: The Kitengela Wildlife Conservation Lease Program

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

John Claussen
Conservation and Community Investment Forum (USA)

Conservation concessions:  A tool for MPA financing in Southeast Asia

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents 

S. 3 Workshop 10: Sustaining Equitable Funding for the Involvement of Indigenous and Local Communities in Protected Area Management

Workshop Chair: Dermot Smyth, James Cook University (Australia)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

John Chester
South Australian Aboriginal Land Trust (Australia)

and

Chelse Marshall
Nambucca Heads Local Aboriginal Land Council (Australia)

Indigenous Protected Areas in Australia: Incorporating indigenous-owned land into Australia’s national system of protected areas

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

Oscar Castillo, Bonifacio Barrientos, Jose Avila
Wildlife Conservation Society (Bolivia)

The Kaa-Iya Process : A pathway towards financial and economic sustainability within the frame of governance

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

Fanny N’golo
(Ivory Coast)

Financing of pilot community-based natural resources and wildlife management project

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

M.L. Jayaswal
New ERA

and

Krishna Oli
Centre for Promotion of Environmental Law and Justice
(Nepal)

Revenue generation from community forestry and its impact on protected areas in Nepal (A case of rope making from Eulaliopsis binata and extraction of essential oil from Nardostachys grandiflora)

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

Altaf Hussain
World Wild
Fund for Nature (WWF)
(Pakistan)

Conservation funds and community financing

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

Gehendra Gurung
KMTNC/ACAP (Nepal) 
Securing financial sustainability for protected area management: A case study of Annapurna Conservation Area Project, Nepal

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

S. 3 Workshop 11: Debt Relief and Conservation Finance

Workshop Chair: Jean-Paul Paddack, World Wide Fund for Nature (Madagascar)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Alberto Paniagua
PROFONANPE (Peru)

Bilateral Debt-for-Nature Swaps: The PROFONANPE Experience – Peru

Paper 

Alain Lambert
Ramsar (Switzerland)

Debt swaps: Theory and practices

Powerpoint Presentation 

Jean-Paul Paddack
World Wide Fund for Nature  (WWF) (Madagascar)

Madagascar’s experience with swapping debt for the environment: Debt-for-nature swaps and Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Debt Relief

Paper

Delfin Ganapin
UNDP/GEF Small Grants Program (USA)

 Debt relief and endowment funds: Philippine experience

Powerpoint Presentation

Jan Bojö
World Bank (US)  
Conservation as a priority in the poverty reduction strategies

Powerpoint Presentation 

up to Table of Contents 

S. 3 Workshop 12: Financial Issues and Tourism

Workshop Chair: Paul Eagles, University of Waterloo (Canada)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Paul Eagles
University of Waterloo (Canada)

International trends in park tourism: A macro view of park tourism finance

Paper

Elizabeth Halpenny
University of Waterloo (Canada)

Financing parks through marketing: International case studies

Powerpoint Presentation 

Andrew Skeat
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (Australia)

Systems to make tourism and others contribute to protected areas – the Great Barrier Reef

Paper  
Powerpoint Presentation

Brent Corcoran
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (South Africa)

Building capacity amongst protected area staff in East and Southern Africa: Lessons learned from InWEnt’s seminars on sustainable tourism

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

Chip Bird and Dawn Bronson
Parks Canada

Towards financial sustainability: Tourism & Canada’s national parks

Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

Saturday, September 13, 2003

Session 4 A: Conservation Finance Tools and Capacity Building

Workshop 1: Business Planning

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Robert Rajaonarison
Malagasy Parks Service (Madagascar)
      and
James McKinnon
WCS (Madagascar)

Masoala National Park Business Plan

Presentation Notes (Word Document)

Sonia Peixoto
Tijuca National Park (Brazil)

and

Breno Herrera-Coelho
Tijuca National Park (Brazil)

Business Plan for Tijuca National Park, Brazil
     
Powerpoint Presentation 


 

up to Table of Contents

Session 4 B: Regional Case Studies

Session Chair: Lee Thomas, WCPA (Australia)

Presenter

Title of Paper/Presentation

Tony Fleming
New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service, Australia

Socio-economic benefits of protected areas: Concepts and assessment techniques as applied in New South Wales, Australia 

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation 

 

Felipe Garcia Cardona
Parques Nacionales (Colombia)

Financial strategies for Colombia’s National Parks System (SPNN)

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation

 

Carine van der Merwe and Lesley Richardson
SACET (South Africa)

Southern African Conservation Education Trust (SACET)

Paper 
Powerpoint Presentation
 

Waleed Nasr
UNDP (Lebanon)

Exploring options for sustainable financing of protected areas: Lebanon’s experience 

Paper
Powerpoint Presentation 

Tomme Rosanne Young
ELC-IUCN

 Legal issues and contributions to conservation finance

Powerpoint Presentation 

Andreas Merkl
Conservation and Community Investment Forum (USA)

and

Rili Djohani
The Nature Conservancy (Southeast Asia)

Endowment model: MPA financing in Southeast Asia

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation 

Analysis on the Sustainable Financing of a Network of Marine Protected Areas in Southeast Asia

Paper

Richard Bagine
Kenya Wildlife Service (Kenya)

The economic benefits of Nairobi National Park, Kenya

Powerpoint Presentation 

María José González
Fideicomiso para la Conservación en Guatemala (Guatemala)

Mesoamerican Reef Fund 

Paper  
Powerpoint Presentation 

Juan Marco Alvarez
SalvaNATURA (El Salvador)
Protecting Los Volcanes National Park: SalvaNATURA and the Grupo ROBLE Initiative

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation 

Pedro Leitao
FUNBIO (Brazil)
 

Fundo Brasileiro para a Biodiversidade: FUNBIO (Brazilian Biodiversity Fund)

Paper (abstract)
Powerpoint Presentation

up to Table of Contents

Sunday, September 14, 2003

Economic Valuation Course
Instructors: Gunars Platais and Stefano Pagiola, World Bank
         Powerpoint Presentation

Business Planning Course
Instructors: Phil Voorhees and Scott Edwards, National Parks Conservation Association
         Powerpoint Presentation: Today's Agenda
         Powerpoint Presentation: 6 Steps to Developing a Business Plan        
         Powerpoint Presentation: Business Plan Table of Contents
         Powerpoint Presentation: Business Plan Template

Module: Identifying New Sources of Revenue, Valerie Hickey, World Bank
         Powerpoint Presentation

Module: Long Term Financial Planning, Juan Jose Dada, The Nature Conservancy
         Powerpoint Presentation
        

up to Table of Contents

 

 
 

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